Syllabus and general information for MC48: Computer Organization (Fall 1996)

Overview

MC48 will cover the architecture and organization of computer hardware. We will look at the MIPS architecture as a representative modern RISC architecture, and do some assembly language programming for that architecture. We'll see how numbers are represented within a computer and how the circuits that perform arithmetic operations on those numerals are organized. With a high-level overview of digital logic design to support us, we'll look at how the datapaths and control circuits of processors are designed, and in particular we'll look in some depth at pipelined processor design, which is the key organizational principle at work in most present-day processors. We'll examine the use of memory hierarchy (cache memory and virtual memory) to provide the illusion of a large fast memory from the reality of limited fast memory plus a larger but slower memory. We'll look at input/output devices and buses, and at parallel computers. Throughout the course there will be an emphasis on the quantitative performance characteristics of computer systems; we'll look at the influence of architecture and organization on performance, and take an introductory look at the empirical and analytical tools appropriate to the study of performance. Performance measurement will be one of the main themes reinforced through the lab assignments; the other will be assembly language programming.

Office hours

I will be available in my office (OHS 303) on Wednesdays from 8:00 to 8:50, on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10:30 to 11:20, on Mondays from 1:30 to 2:20, and by appointment. You may send me electronic mail at max@gac.edu or call me at extension 7466. I'll try to put any temporary updates to my office hours on my web page and any long-term updates on my on-line schedule, so check there if in doubt.

World Wide Web

All course handouts will be available through my World Wide Web page, and some supplementary materials such as code to use as a starting point in assignments may be available there as well. The URL for this course is http://www.gac.edu/~max/MC48.

Text

Our text will be the beta-test version of the second edition of Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface by David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy, published by Morgan Kaufmann. This will come out in two volumes; volume one is in the bookstore now and volume two should be by the time we need it. Volume two will contain a coupon that allows you to get a free copy of the real non-beta-test second edition. The use of a beta-test version means that we can get more up-to-date material (in a fast paced field), but in exchange have to help the authors find their bugs and provide them with feedback.

Labs

Normally labs will be held on Mondays (and classes on the other four days), but there are four Thursdays when we'll also be in the lab; these are marked in the syllabus. We'll also do a class rather than a lab on the Monday of the last week of classes. Again, this is marked in the syllabus. Labs will be held in the OHS 326 lab, though we may need to spill over into the 329 lab a bit for those labs we do individually. Labs 0 and 5 will actually be special one-day demonstration experiences not requiring lab reports; only labs 1 through 4 will be ``real labs'' with reports.

Tests

The two intra-term exams will be conducted on Thursday, October 10th and Tuesday, November 19th. The final exam will be as scheduled by the registrar; tentatively 1pm on Tuesday, December 17th.

Honor

Students are encouraged to discuss the course, including issues raised by the assignments. However, the solutions to assignments should be individual original work unless otherwise specified. If an assignment makes you realize you don't understand the material, ask a fellow student a question designed to improve your understanding, not one designed to get the assignment done. To do otherwise is to cheat yourself out of understanding, as well as to be intolerably dishonorable.

Any substantive contribution to your solution by another person or taken from a publication should be properly acknowledged in writing. Failure to do so is plagiarism and will necessitate disciplinary action.

The same standards regarding plagiarism apply to team projects as to the work of individuals, except that the author is now the entire team rather than an individual. Anything taken from a source outside the team should be be properly cited.

One additional issue that arises from the team authorship of project reports is that all team members must stand behind all reports bearing their names. All team members have quality assurance responsibility for the entire project. If there is irreconcilable disagreement within the team it is necessary to indicate as much in the reports; this can be in the form of a ``minority opinion'' or ``dissenting opinion'' section where appropriate.

Late assignments

All homework and lab assignments are due at the beginning of class on the day indicated. Late assignments will be penalized by one ``grade notch'' (such as A to A- or A- to B+) for each weekday late or fraction thereof. However, no late assignments will be accepted after graded assignments are handed back.

If you are too sick to complete an assignment on time, you will not be penalized. Simply write ``late due to illness'' at the top of the assignment, sign your name and hand it in. Other circumstances will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Grade changes

Please point out any arithmetic or clerical error I make in grading, and I will gladly fix it. You may also request reconsideration if I have been especially unjust.

Grading

I will provide you with a letter grade on each homework and lab assignment and on each test, in addition to the mid-term and final grades, so that you may keep track of your performance. As a guideline, the components will contribute in the following proportion to the final grade:

20% lab assignments (4 @ 5% each)
40% homework (8 @ 5% each)
20% intra-term exams (2 @ 10% each)
20% final exam

However, I reserve the right to subjectively adjust your final grade. Please see me if you have any question how you stand. Class participation is not graded; however, it allows you to find and repair the gaps in your understanding before doing the homework or exam, and thus can dramatically improve your grade.

Style guidelines

All homework and lab reports should be readily readable, and should not presuppose that I already know what you are trying to say. In particular:

Use full English sentences where appropriate (namely almost everywhere, including in mathematical proofs or derivations).
Word-process or type your homework if you can. In any case, make sure it is legible.
Use diagrams, tables, programs, and calculations as supporting components of English writing, not in isolation. Remember that your goal is to communicate clearly, and that the appearance of these technical items plays a role in this communication process.

Be sure your assignments are always stapled together and that your name is always on them.

Accessibility

Please contact me immediately if you have special physical circumstances, e.g. impaired vision, which may affect the accessibility of any course components. I will do my best to facilitate necessary arrangements or resources.

Syllabus

A single number in the reading column means to read that entire chapter. When a reading is indicated as going to a particular page number, it means up to the first heading on that page. The same section number on the next class day then indicates to finish the section.

This is my best guess as to the rate at which we will cover material. However, don't be shocked if I have to pass out one or more revised syllabi.

Date Reading Topic Due
9/10 Introduction
9/11 1 Computer abstractions and technology
9/12 2.1-2.4 Performance measurement (11:15-11:50)
9/13 2.5-2.9 More on performance

9/16 Lab 0: Under the hood
9/17 3.1-3.5 Instructions HW 1
9/18 3.6-3.7 Procedures and strings in assembly
9/19 3.8-3.9 More on assembly programming
9/20 3.10-3.11 Assembly programming examples

9/23 Lab 1: Elementary assembly programming
9/24 3.12-3.15 Yet more on assembly language
9/25 4.1-4.4 Two's complement, addition, and subtraction HW 2
9/26 4.5 Arithmetic Logic Unit
9/27 4.6 Multiplication

9/30 Lab 1 (continued)
10/3 4.7 Division HW 3
10/4 4.8 Floating-point arithmetic

10/7 Lab 1 (concludes)
10/8 4.9-4.12 More on arithmetic Lab 1
10/9 Review; catch-up
10/10 Intra-term exam 1
10/11 B.1-B.3 Combinational logic

10/14 Lab 2: More advanced assembly programming
10/15 B.4-B.6 Sequential logic
10/16 5.1-5.2 A simple datapath
10/17 5.3-p. 349 A single-cycle processor
10/18 5.3 More on the single-cycle processor

10/21 Lab 2 (continued)
10/22 5.4 A multiple-cycle processor HW 4
10/23 More on the multiple-cycle processor
10/24 5.5-5.9 Microprogramming; exceptions

10/29 C.1-C.4 Mapping control to hardware
10/30 6.1 Pipelining
10/31 Lab 2 (continued) (a Thursday lab)
11/1 6.2 A pipelined datapath HW 5

11/4 Lab 2 (concludes)
11/5 6.3 Pipelined control
11/6 6.4 Forwarding Lab 2
11/7 6.5 Stalls
11/8 6.6-6.7 Control hazards

11/11 Lab 3: Measuring instruction-set usage HW 6
11/12 6.8-6.9 Superscalar and advanced pipelining
11/13 6.10-6.12 More on pipelining
11/14 Lab 3 (continued) (a Thursday lab)
11/15 Review; catch-up

11/18 Lab 3 (concludes)
11/19 Intra-term exam 2
11/20 7.1-7.2 Caches
11/21 7.3 Cache performance Lab 3
11/22 7.4 Virtual memory

11/25 Lab 4: Cache simulation
11/26 7.5 Memory hierarchies
11/27 7.6-7.9 Example memory hierarchies HW 7

12/2 Lab 4 (continued)
12/3 8.1-8.3 Input/output devices
12/4 8.4 Buses
12/5 Lab 4 (concludes) (a Thursday lab)
12/6 8.5-8.11 Interfacing input/output

12/9 9.1-9.4 Parallel programming (class instead of lab) Lab 4
12/10 9.5 Bus-based MIMD architectures
12/11 9.6-9.10 Network-based MIMD architectures
12/12 Lab 5: NOW parallelism demo (a Thursday lab)
12/13 Review; catch-up; evaluation HW 8

12/17 Final exam, 1pm (tentative)

Date	Reading	Topic	Due
9/10		Introduction
9/11	1	Computer abstractions and technology
9/12	2.1-2.4	Performance measurement (11:15-11:50)
9/13	2.5-2.9	More on performance

9/16		Lab 0: Under the hood
9/17	3.1-3.5	Instructions	HW 1
9/18	3.6-3.7	Procedures and strings in assembly
9/19	3.8-3.9	More on assembly programming
9/20	3.10-3.11	Assembly programming examples

9/23		Lab 1: Elementary assembly programming
9/24	3.12-3.15	Yet more on assembly language
9/25	4.1-4.4	Two's complement, addition, and subtraction	HW 2
9/26	4.5	Arithmetic Logic Unit
9/27	4.6	Multiplication

9/30		Lab 1 (continued)
10/3	4.7	Division	HW 3
10/4	4.8	Floating-point arithmetic

10/7		Lab 1 (concludes)
10/8	4.9-4.12	More on arithmetic	Lab 1
10/9		Review; catch-up
10/10		Intra-term exam 1
10/11	B.1-B.3	Combinational logic

10/14		Lab 2: More advanced assembly programming
10/15	B.4-B.6	Sequential logic
10/16	5.1-5.2	A simple datapath
10/17	5.3-p. 349	A single-cycle processor
10/18	5.3	More on the single-cycle processor

10/21		Lab 2 (continued)
10/22	5.4	A multiple-cycle processor	HW 4
10/23		More on the multiple-cycle processor
10/24	5.5-5.9	Microprogramming; exceptions

10/29	C.1-C.4	Mapping control to hardware
10/30	6.1	Pipelining
10/31		Lab 2 (continued) (a Thursday lab)
11/1	6.2	A pipelined datapath	HW 5

11/4		Lab 2 (concludes)
11/5	6.3	Pipelined control
11/6	6.4	Forwarding	Lab 2
11/7	6.5	Stalls
11/8	6.6-6.7	Control hazards

11/11		Lab 3: Measuring instruction-set usage	HW 6
11/12	6.8-6.9	Superscalar and advanced pipelining
11/13	6.10-6.12	More on pipelining
11/14		Lab 3 (continued) (a Thursday lab)
11/15		Review; catch-up

11/18		Lab 3 (concludes)
11/19		Intra-term exam 2
11/20	7.1-7.2	Caches
11/21	7.3	Cache performance	Lab 3
11/22	7.4	Virtual memory

11/25		Lab 4: Cache simulation
11/26	7.5	Memory hierarchies
11/27	7.6-7.9	Example memory hierarchies	HW 7

12/2		Lab 4 (continued)
12/3	8.1-8.3	Input/output devices
12/4	8.4	Buses
12/5		Lab 4 (concludes) (a Thursday lab)
12/6	8.5-8.11	Interfacing input/output

12/9	9.1-9.4	Parallel programming (class instead of lab)	Lab 4
12/10	9.5	Bus-based MIMD architectures
12/11	9.6-9.10	Network-based MIMD architectures
12/12		Lab 5: NOW parallelism demo (a Thursday lab)
12/13		Review; catch-up; evaluation	HW 8

12/17		Final exam, 1pm (tentative)

Course web site: http://www.gac.edu/~max/MC48
Instructor: Max Hailperin <max@gac.edu>